Gemini text-embedding-004 vs Voyage 3 Large

Detailed comparison between Gemini text-embedding-004 and Voyage 3 Large. See which embedding best meets your accuracy and performance needs.

Model Comparison

Voyage 3 Large takes the lead.

Both Gemini text-embedding-004 and Voyage 3 Large are powerful embedding models designed to improve retrieval quality in RAG applications. However, their performance characteristics differ in important ways.

Why Voyage 3 Large:

  • Voyage 3 Large has 81 higher ELO rating
  • Voyage 3 Large delivers better accuracy (nDCG@10: 0.837 vs 0.585)
  • Gemini text-embedding-004 is 20377ms faster on average
  • Voyage 3 Large has a 24.6% higher win rate

Overview

Key metrics

ELO Rating

Overall ranking quality

Gemini text-embedding-004

1447

Voyage 3 Large

1528

Win Rate

Head-to-head performance

Gemini text-embedding-004

28.0%

Voyage 3 Large

52.6%

Accuracy (nDCG@10)

Ranking quality metric

Gemini text-embedding-004

0.585

Voyage 3 Large

0.837

Average Latency

Response time

Gemini text-embedding-004

43100ms

Voyage 3 Large

63477ms

Visual Performance Analysis

Performance

ELO Rating Comparison

Win/Loss/Tie Breakdown

Accuracy Across Datasets (nDCG@10)

Latency Distribution (ms)

Breakdown

How the models stack up

MetricGemini text-embedding-004Voyage 3 LargeDescription
Overall Performance
ELO Rating
1447
1528
Overall ranking quality based on pairwise comparisons
Win Rate
28.0%
52.6%
Percentage of comparisons won against other models
Pricing & Availability
Price per 1M tokens
$0.020
$0.180
Cost per million tokens processed
Release Date
2024-05-14
2025-01-07
Model release date
Accuracy Metrics
Avg nDCG@10
0.585
0.837
Normalized discounted cumulative gain at position 10
Performance Metrics
Avg Latency
43100ms
63477ms
Average response time across all datasets

Dataset Performance

By field

Comprehensive comparison of accuracy metrics (nDCG, Recall) and latency percentiles for each benchmark dataset.

PG

MetricGemini text-embedding-004Voyage 3 LargeDescription
Accuracy Metrics
Latency Metrics
Mean
76115ms
93447ms
Average response time
P50
74593ms
91578ms
50th percentile (median)
P90
87532ms
107464ms
90th percentile

business reports

MetricGemini text-embedding-004Voyage 3 LargeDescription
Accuracy Metrics
Latency Metrics
Mean
9184ms
21279ms
Average response time
P50
9000ms
20853ms
50th percentile (median)
P90
10562ms
24471ms
90th percentile

DBPedia

MetricGemini text-embedding-004Voyage 3 LargeDescription
Accuracy Metrics
nDCG@5
0.536
0.675
Ranking quality at top 5 results
nDCG@10
0.517
0.638
Ranking quality at top 10 results
Recall@5
0.200
0.255
% of relevant docs in top 5
Recall@10
0.304
0.362
% of relevant docs in top 10
Latency Metrics
Mean
59127ms
97066ms
Average response time
P50
57944ms
95125ms
50th percentile (median)
P90
67996ms
111626ms
90th percentile

FiQa

MetricGemini text-embedding-004Voyage 3 LargeDescription
Accuracy Metrics
nDCG@5
0.613
0.753
Ranking quality at top 5 results
nDCG@10
0.649
0.780
Ranking quality at top 10 results
Recall@5
0.645
0.742
% of relevant docs in top 5
Recall@10
0.748
0.837
% of relevant docs in top 10
Latency Metrics
Mean
62373ms
80239ms
Average response time
P50
61126ms
78634ms
50th percentile (median)
P90
71729ms
92275ms
90th percentile

SciFact

MetricGemini text-embedding-004Voyage 3 LargeDescription
Accuracy Metrics
nDCG@5
0.722
0.796
Ranking quality at top 5 results
nDCG@10
0.745
0.809
Ranking quality at top 10 results
Recall@5
0.797
0.840
% of relevant docs in top 5
Recall@10
0.860
0.880
% of relevant docs in top 10
Latency Metrics
Mean
65774ms
92317ms
Average response time
P50
64459ms
90471ms
50th percentile (median)
P90
75640ms
106165ms
90th percentile

MSMARCO

MetricGemini text-embedding-004Voyage 3 LargeDescription
Accuracy Metrics
nDCG@5
0.979
0.997
Ranking quality at top 5 results
nDCG@10
0.977
0.998
Ranking quality at top 10 results
Recall@5
0.118
0.122
% of relevant docs in top 5
Recall@10
0.209
0.222
% of relevant docs in top 10
Latency Metrics
Mean
62416ms
75502ms
Average response time
P50
61168ms
73992ms
50th percentile (median)
P90
71778ms
86827ms
90th percentile

NorQuAD

MetricGemini text-embedding-004Voyage 3 LargeDescription
Accuracy Metrics
Latency Metrics
Mean
5693ms
11003ms
Average response time
P50
5579ms
10783ms
50th percentile (median)
P90
6547ms
12653ms
90th percentile

ARCD

MetricGemini text-embedding-004Voyage 3 LargeDescription
Accuracy Metrics
nDCG@5
0.030
0.953
Ranking quality at top 5 results
nDCG@10
0.036
0.960
Ranking quality at top 10 results
Recall@5
0.040
0.960
% of relevant docs in top 5
Recall@10
0.060
0.980
% of relevant docs in top 10
Latency Metrics
Mean
4118ms
36963ms
Average response time
P50
4036ms
36224ms
50th percentile (median)
P90
4736ms
42507ms
90th percentile

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