Gemini text-embedding-004 vs Voyage 3 Large
Detailed comparison between Gemini text-embedding-004 and Voyage 3 Large. See which embedding best meets your accuracy and performance needs.
Model Comparison
Voyage 3 Large takes the lead.
Both Gemini text-embedding-004 and Voyage 3 Large are powerful embedding models designed to improve retrieval quality in RAG applications. However, their performance characteristics differ in important ways.
Why Voyage 3 Large:
- Voyage 3 Large has 81 higher ELO rating
- Voyage 3 Large delivers better accuracy (nDCG@10: 0.837 vs 0.585)
- Voyage 3 Large has a 24.6% higher win rate
Overview
Key metrics
ELO Rating
Overall ranking quality
Gemini text-embedding-004
Voyage 3 Large
Win Rate
Head-to-head performance
Gemini text-embedding-004
Voyage 3 Large
Accuracy (nDCG@10)
Ranking quality metric
Gemini text-embedding-004
Voyage 3 Large
Average Latency
Response time
Gemini text-embedding-004
Voyage 3 Large
Visual Performance Analysis
Performance
ELO Rating Comparison
Win/Loss/Tie Breakdown
Accuracy Across Datasets (nDCG@10)
Latency Distribution (ms)
Breakdown
How the models stack up
| Metric | Gemini text-embedding-004 | Voyage 3 Large | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Performance | |||
| ELO Rating | 1447 | 1528 | Overall ranking quality based on pairwise comparisons |
| Win Rate | 28.0% | 52.6% | Percentage of comparisons won against other models |
| Pricing & Availability | |||
| Price per 1M tokens | $0.020 | $0.180 | Cost per million tokens processed |
| Dimensions | 768 | 1024 | Vector embedding dimensions (lower is more efficient) |
| Release Date | 2024-05-14 | 2025-01-07 | Model release date |
| Accuracy Metrics | |||
| Avg nDCG@10 | 0.585 | 0.837 | Normalized discounted cumulative gain at position 10 |
| Performance Metrics | |||
| Avg Latency | 13ms | 29ms | Average response time across all datasets |
Dataset Performance
By field
Comprehensive comparison of accuracy metrics (nDCG, Recall) and latency percentiles for each benchmark dataset.
PG
| Metric | Gemini text-embedding-004 | Voyage 3 Large | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accuracy Metrics | |||
| Latency Metrics | |||
| Mean | 13ms | 16ms | Average response time |
| P50 | 13ms | 16ms | 50th percentile (median) |
| P90 | 15ms | 18ms | 90th percentile |
business reports
| Metric | Gemini text-embedding-004 | Voyage 3 Large | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accuracy Metrics | |||
| Latency Metrics | |||
| Mean | 13ms | 30ms | Average response time |
| P50 | 12ms | 30ms | 50th percentile (median) |
| P90 | 14ms | 35ms | 90th percentile |
DBPedia
| Metric | Gemini text-embedding-004 | Voyage 3 Large | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accuracy Metrics | |||
| nDCG@5 | 0.536 | 0.675 | Ranking quality at top 5 results |
| nDCG@10 | 0.517 | 0.638 | Ranking quality at top 10 results |
| Recall@5 | 0.200 | 0.255 | % of relevant docs in top 5 |
| Recall@10 | 0.304 | 0.362 | % of relevant docs in top 10 |
| Latency Metrics | |||
| Mean | 12ms | 19ms | Average response time |
| P50 | 11ms | 19ms | 50th percentile (median) |
| P90 | 13ms | 22ms | 90th percentile |
FiQa
| Metric | Gemini text-embedding-004 | Voyage 3 Large | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accuracy Metrics | |||
| nDCG@5 | 0.613 | 0.753 | Ranking quality at top 5 results |
| nDCG@10 | 0.649 | 0.780 | Ranking quality at top 10 results |
| Recall@5 | 0.645 | 0.742 | % of relevant docs in top 5 |
| Recall@10 | 0.748 | 0.837 | % of relevant docs in top 10 |
| Latency Metrics | |||
| Mean | 12ms | 16ms | Average response time |
| P50 | 12ms | 16ms | 50th percentile (median) |
| P90 | 14ms | 18ms | 90th percentile |
SciFact
| Metric | Gemini text-embedding-004 | Voyage 3 Large | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accuracy Metrics | |||
| nDCG@5 | 0.722 | 0.796 | Ranking quality at top 5 results |
| nDCG@10 | 0.745 | 0.809 | Ranking quality at top 10 results |
| Recall@5 | 0.797 | 0.840 | % of relevant docs in top 5 |
| Recall@10 | 0.860 | 0.880 | % of relevant docs in top 10 |
| Latency Metrics | |||
| Mean | 13ms | 18ms | Average response time |
| P50 | 13ms | 18ms | 50th percentile (median) |
| P90 | 15ms | 21ms | 90th percentile |
MSMARCO
| Metric | Gemini text-embedding-004 | Voyage 3 Large | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accuracy Metrics | |||
| nDCG@5 | 0.979 | 0.997 | Ranking quality at top 5 results |
| nDCG@10 | 0.977 | 0.998 | Ranking quality at top 10 results |
| Recall@5 | 0.118 | 0.122 | % of relevant docs in top 5 |
| Recall@10 | 0.209 | 0.222 | % of relevant docs in top 10 |
| Latency Metrics | |||
| Mean | 12ms | 15ms | Average response time |
| P50 | 12ms | 15ms | 50th percentile (median) |
| P90 | 14ms | 17ms | 90th percentile |
NorQuAD
| Metric | Gemini text-embedding-004 | Voyage 3 Large | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accuracy Metrics | |||
| Latency Metrics | |||
| Mean | 13ms | 24ms | Average response time |
| P50 | 13ms | 23ms | 50th percentile (median) |
| P90 | 15ms | 28ms | 90th percentile |
ARCD
| Metric | Gemini text-embedding-004 | Voyage 3 Large | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accuracy Metrics | |||
| nDCG@5 | 0.030 | 0.953 | Ranking quality at top 5 results |
| nDCG@10 | 0.036 | 0.960 | Ranking quality at top 10 results |
| Recall@5 | 0.040 | 0.960 | % of relevant docs in top 5 |
| Recall@10 | 0.060 | 0.980 | % of relevant docs in top 10 |
| Latency Metrics | |||
| Mean | 13ms | 97ms | Average response time |
| P50 | 13ms | 95ms | 50th percentile (median) |
| P90 | 15ms | 112ms | 90th percentile |
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